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The Pakistani General elections of 1988 were held in Pakistan on 16 November 1988 to elect the 336 members and 100 Senators to the Pakistan Parliament. The Pakistan Peoples Party, led by Benazir Bhutto, ousted and disintegrated the technocratic and military government of General Zia-ul-Haq, with the parliamentary majority of 94 seats. The election was the second of four non-consecutive victories for the Pakistan Peoples Party, and Benazir became Pakistan's — and the Muslim world's— first female head of government. The previous parliamentary elections were held on March 7, 1977, with the Peoples Party gaining two-thirds majority. However, amid violence and civil disorder, Chief of Army Staff General Zia-ul-Haq ousted the former Prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in a military coup d'état, code-named ''Operation Fair Play''. Martial law was uplifted in 1985 when the non-political and technocratic elections were held in 1985. As a result Mohammad Junejo, a Sindhi lord, was appointed Prime minister; he was soon dismissed by General Zia and after Zia's death new parliamentary elections were finally held. Previously, General Zia had crushed the socialists' Movement for the Restoration of Democracy, who had attempted to overthrow his military regime, and took extremely tough actions to further disintegrate the movement. After Zia's death, the democratic socialists and secular parties re-united and campaigned under the Pakistan Peoples Party's platform led by Benazir Bhutto. The Pakistan Peoples Party campaign pledged to control and tackle the extremism in Pakistan, and as well as curb the power of the trade unions. The conservatives under Nawaz Sharif on other hand campaigned upon expanding the industrialization and privatization program; the liberals Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) boycotted the elections. The result was a victory for the Pakistan People's Party, which won 94 of the 207 seats. Voter turnout was 43.5%.〔Nohlen, D, Grotz, F & Hartmann, C (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p678 ISBN 0-19-924958-X〕 Benazir Bhutto became the eleventh Prime minister, and Sharif took the office of Leader of Opposition in 1988. . Results for the election were broadcast live on the PTV and presented by Mumtaz Hamid Rao, Tariq Aziz, Hamid Mir and Dr. Anita Raja. ==Background== On 29 May 1988, the National Assembly which was elected in 1985 was dissolved prematurely by President Mohammad Zia-ul-Haq dismissing the Prime Minister and the rest of his cabinet asserting that the 'administration was corrupt and inefficient'. The new polling date (exceeding the limit of 90 days following dissolution laid down by the Constitution of Pakistan) was set by the President on 20 July 1988. Moreover it was also announced that the elections would be held on a non-party basis.〔 However, on October 2nd, following the accidental death of President Zia on August 17th, the Supreme Court of Pakistan reversed the ban on parties and allowed the elections to be held on a party basis. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pakistani general election, 1988」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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